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Assessment on Lake Tana Biosphere Reserves in Zegae Peninsula, South and Central Gonder, Amhara Region, North Ethiopia
Tensay Ayalew,
Sisay Alemu
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, December 2021
Pages:
37-42
Received:
30 June 2021
Accepted:
22 July 2021
Published:
4 August 2021
Abstract: The assessment was conducted at Lake Tana boundaries of Gonder, Fogera, Libokemkam, Bahir Dar area, west Dembya, east Dembya and Derain order to investigates and document community knowledge on Lake Tana biosphere reserves and its significant factors. This study was carried outin 30 consecutive days of 2012 E.C. Data from interviewers was collected using random sampling method. A total of 129 individuals with 13 (10.07%) female and 116 (89.92%) male were interviewed. The collected data were analyzed by using SPSS software version 21. As respondent result showed that activities served from the biosphere reserve are farming 15 (11.6%), farming and animal raring 48 (37.2%), vegetable and horticulture production 3 (2.3%), fishing 5 (3.9%), farming and vegetable 25 (19.4%), guiding tourists through water/by local bots and others 28 (21.7%). The Lake Tana biosphere reserves also provide financial, communal, supporting, ecological and spiritual services for the local society live in buffer zone of the lake. The lake is one of greatest potential for aquatics ecosystem, transportation activity, source of tourism developments home for different birds, fishes, hippos and other aquatic plant species. From the study area of all 18 kebeles Lake Tana biosphere reserve affected by Eichhornia crassipes 43 (33.3%), recession farming 1 (0.8%), erosion/sedimentation 1 (0.8%), pollution, invasive species 33 (25.6%) and free grazing 16 (12.4%). Eradication of wetlands, pollution, constrictions of buildings at the buffer zone of the lake, unsustainable utilization also factor for the Lake Tana biosphere reserve observed during the survey study. Lake Tana biosphere reserve is very crucial for the community interims of tourism specially peninsula and monasteries, irrigation and recreation. Sustainable conservation of the lake should be applied.
Abstract: The assessment was conducted at Lake Tana boundaries of Gonder, Fogera, Libokemkam, Bahir Dar area, west Dembya, east Dembya and Derain order to investigates and document community knowledge on Lake Tana biosphere reserves and its significant factors. This study was carried outin 30 consecutive days of 2012 E.C. Data from interviewers was collected...
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Waste Management by Small-Scale Textile Industries in Ghana
Gbadegbe Richard Selase,
Vigbedor Divine,
Quashie Mawuli,
Buami Edem
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, December 2021
Pages:
43-48
Received:
26 July 2021
Accepted:
20 August 2021
Published:
27 August 2021
Abstract: Batik and Tie-dye have become popular Ghanaian dyed fabrics which are worn to different occasions. The fabric comes with exquisite designs for a range of outfits including shirts, trousers, boubous, agbada as well as chair backs, table cloth, curtains, bed sheets and kitchen napkins. These fabrics have contributed to Ghana’s economy in terms of foreign exchange. Not only has the production of these fabrics helped in boosting our economy but the colours, designs and styles speak volumes of our cultural heritage as a country. Batik and Tie-Dye fabrics are produced using various resist materials such as wax, starch, twines and chemical substances in the form of dye liquor. These materials, after use must be disposed of tactfully in order to prevent pollution of the environment. In Ghana are two vibrant dyeing Centres known as Vegus and Anointed Batik and Tie-Dye Centres. These Centres have produced unique fabrics to meet the high demands of Ghanaians and neighbouring countries like Togo and La Cote d’Ivoire. However, a cursory look at their waste management practices leaves much to be desired hence the need to conduct this research. The study employed the descriptive (qualitative) research and the purposive sampling technique with questionnaire, observation and interview as the research instruments. A major finding of the study is that most of the waste management methods being employed by the two Centres are not environmentally friendly. The study therefore recommends that a more befitting and environmentally friendly waste management method such as an incinerator and liquid segmentation method are adopted by the two Centres to forestall any harmful effect that their activities might have on the environment.
Abstract: Batik and Tie-dye have become popular Ghanaian dyed fabrics which are worn to different occasions. The fabric comes with exquisite designs for a range of outfits including shirts, trousers, boubous, agbada as well as chair backs, table cloth, curtains, bed sheets and kitchen napkins. These fabrics have contributed to Ghana’s economy in terms of for...
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Effect of Rhizobium Inoculation, NPS Fertilizer and Vermicompost on Nodulation and Yield of Soybean (Glycine max (l). Merrill) at Bako, Western Ethiopia
Chala Debela,
Tamado Tana,
Lemma Wogi
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, December 2021
Pages:
49-61
Received:
18 December 2020
Accepted:
6 January 2021
Published:
30 October 2021
Abstract: In Ethiopia, acidity-related soil fertility problems are the main production constraints, reducing productivity of major crops grown in the country. The experiment was carried out to determine influence of Blended NPS fertilizer, Seed Inoculation with Rhizobium Bacteria and Vermicompost (VC) application on soybean nodulation and yield of soybean. Factorial combinations of Rhizobium (uninoculated, inoculated), three VC levels (0, 1 and 2 t ha-1) and three NPS levels (50%, 75% and 100% of 100 kg NPS ha-1) were laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The results showed that the highest number of nodule per plant (32.0) and number of effective nodule per plant (31.4) were recorded at the combination of 2 tons VC ha-1 and 75 kg NPS ha-1 while the highest aboveground biomass (8953 kg ha-1) was recorded at the combination of 2 tons VC ha-1 with 100 kg NPS ha-1. Likewise, the combination VC 2 tons ha-1 with Rhizobium inoculation (TAL-379) gave the highest number of effective nodules per plant (26.3). On the other hand, three factors interaction of Rhizobium inoculation, VC and NPS rates significantly influenced the number of primary branches (NPB), number of pod per plant, seed yield and harvest index where the highest number of pods per plant (87.6), maximum seed yield (4180 kg ha-1) and maximum harvest index (47%) were recorded from the plots treated with 100 kg NPS ha-1 + 2 t VC ha-1 inoculated with Rhizobium TAL-379 strain. Thus, considering the importance of integrated nutrient management in climate mitigation and adaptation; combined application of 2 t VC ha-1 and 75 kg NPS ha-1 inoculated with Rhizobium strain TAL-379 had resulted in better and optimum yield of 3870 kg ha-1 and is tentatively recommended for use.
Abstract: In Ethiopia, acidity-related soil fertility problems are the main production constraints, reducing productivity of major crops grown in the country. The experiment was carried out to determine influence of Blended NPS fertilizer, Seed Inoculation with Rhizobium Bacteria and Vermicompost (VC) application on soybean nodulation and yield of soybean. F...
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Disposition of Wastewater from Oil Wells in Venezuelan Savannahs and Their Effects on Percolation Waters
Danilo López-Hernández,
Oswaldo Vallejo-Torres,
Fernando Liendo,
Juan Urich,
Carmen Hernández
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, December 2021
Pages:
62-68
Received:
2 September 2021
Accepted:
17 September 2021
Published:
5 November 2021
Abstract: In the eastern Venezuelan Llanos, the drilling fluids composed of wastewater (WW), accompanying hydrocarbons and wastes from oil activity are deposited in a system of waterproofed pits. Later, by means of siphons, the hydrocarbon phase of the WW is separated. WW are typically very salty and contain suspended and dissolved solids, residual hydrocarbons, and chemicals used in hydrocarbon extraction. So they are transported to a pit and treated with a flocculating agent and lime. Once carried out, the flocculation-coagulation operation and pH correction, WW are released to the environment. The savannas where the treated water are irrigated, in addition to the oil operation, present an intense agricultural and livestock activity, and rest on aquifers that are partially replenished with the percolation waters near the treatment pits. Therefore, this research will aim to analyze: i) the levels of soluble salts and heavy metals in the percolation waters collected in lysimeters located in savanna soils adjacent to oil wells after irrigation with WW treated with flocculating agents, and ii) the estimation of time which these salts take to be dislodged from the soil. The waters from the lysimeters did not report high levels of soluble aluminum or heavy metals since their soluble forms were precipitated by liming. Likewise, the coagulation-flocculation process removed the high levels of barium from the untreated WW. The contributions of sodium and calcium from the WW have a liming effect on the acidity of these soils. The sodium levels contributed by the WW could represent an environmental risk, fortunately, the good internal drainage of these sandy Ultisols allows their removal. Studies with lysimeters showed that the percolation waters of areas irrigated with flocculated water have a similar sodium content to that of control lysimeters six months after treatment.
Abstract: In the eastern Venezuelan Llanos, the drilling fluids composed of wastewater (WW), accompanying hydrocarbons and wastes from oil activity are deposited in a system of waterproofed pits. Later, by means of siphons, the hydrocarbon phase of the WW is separated. WW are typically very salty and contain suspended and dissolved solids, residual hydrocarb...
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Mathematical Models for Packed Bed Reactor for Methanation of Carbondioxide
Dagde Kekpugile Kenneth,
Akpa Jackson Gonurubon,
Adeloye Olalekan Michael,
Nnabuife Obiabuchi Alisigwe
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, December 2021
Pages:
69-74
Received:
13 August 2021
Accepted:
27 August 2021
Published:
5 November 2021
Abstract: Models for carbondioxide methanation in a packed bed reactor was developed from first principles by the application of the law of conservation of mass and energy. The kinetic expressions of the process where obtained from relevant literatures and incorporated and solved simultaneously with the developed models using Matlab ODE45 solver. Sensitivity analysis was performed to ascertain the optimal conditions gave reasonable results, which were validated with plant data and was found to be accurate with deviations within allowable range. The research study focuses on carbondioxide methanation reaction for production of synthetic natural gas (SNG) and the performance of the process is characterized by carbondioxide conversion under various operating conditions. One dimensional pseudo-homogeneous packed-bed reactor model neglecting all possible mass and heat constraints was used as a reference and the resulting model equations are solved numerically. The reaction rates and exothermicity (ΔH°=-165KJ/Mol) prevent a packed bed reactor to be operated at high conversions and the reactant inlet temperature is used as a primary parameter, while an optimum inlet temperature is determined at which the carbondioxide conversion has maximum value. With inlet temperature higher than the optimum temperature, CO2 conversion decreases due to the reverse Sabatier reaction.
Abstract: Models for carbondioxide methanation in a packed bed reactor was developed from first principles by the application of the law of conservation of mass and energy. The kinetic expressions of the process where obtained from relevant literatures and incorporated and solved simultaneously with the developed models using Matlab ODE45 solver. Sensitivity...
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